The US National Science Foundation (NSF) has announced that it is establishing five new artificial intelligence (AI)  institutes to 'accelerate research, expand America's workforce, and transform society in the decades to come'. Benefiting of an investment of over US$100 million over the next five years, the institutes will be led by NSF in partnership with the US Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the US Department of Homeland's Security Science and Technology Directorate, and the US Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration. The five new institutes are: the NSF AI Institute for Research on Trustworthy AI in Weather, Climate, and Coastal Oceanography, the NSF AI Institute for Foundations of Machine Learning, the NSF AI Institute for Student-AI Teaming, the NSF AI Institute for Molecular Discovery, Synthetic Strategy, and Manufacturing, and the NSF AI Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions.