A study led by two researchers at the George Washington University shows that Uber and Lyft charge higher prices for riders in predominantly non-white neighborhoods of Chicago. The researchers found that dynamic pricing models lead to racially-based price disparities. It was the first large-scale review of algorithms used to determine the prices set by the two companies. Chicago was selected for the study because its laws require ride-hailing companies to disclose their fare prices. They used data from more than 100 million trips between November 2018 and December 2019.